Merge branch 'master' into add-unit-tests

Author: dhruv-pharasi

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ jobs:
   build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
         with:
           enable-cache: true

.github/workflows/devcontainer_ci.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
   build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - uses: devcontainers/[email protected]
         with:
           push: never

.github/workflows/directory_writer.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ jobs:
   directory_writer:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5

.github/workflows/project_euler.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
   project-euler:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
   validate-solutions:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:

.github/workflows/ruff.yml

@@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ jobs:
   ruff:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
       - run: uvx ruff check --output-format=github .

.github/workflows/sphinx.yml

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
   build_docs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
       - run: uv sync --group=docs
       - uses: actions/configure-pages@v5
       - run: uv run sphinx-build -c docs . docs/_build/html
-      - uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
+      - uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v4
         with:
           path: docs/_build/html
 

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-    rev: v5.0.0
+    rev: v6.0.0
     hooks:
       - id: check-executables-have-shebangs
       - id: check-toml
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ repos:
       - id: auto-walrus
 
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.12.5
+    rev: v0.12.11
     hooks:
       - id: ruff-check
       - id: ruff-format
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ repos:
       - id: validate-pyproject
 
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-    rev: v1.15.0
+    rev: v1.17.1
     hooks:
       - id: mypy
         args:

DIRECTORY.md

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
   * [Combination Sum](backtracking/combination_sum.py)
   * [Crossword Puzzle Solver](backtracking/crossword_puzzle_solver.py)
   * [Generate Parentheses](backtracking/generate_parentheses.py)
+  * [Generate Parentheses Iterative](backtracking/generate_parentheses_iterative.py)
   * [Hamiltonian Cycle](backtracking/hamiltonian_cycle.py)
   * [Knight Tour](backtracking/knight_tour.py)
   * [Match Word Pattern](backtracking/match_word_pattern.py)
@@ -174,6 +175,7 @@
 
 ## Data Compression
   * [Burrows Wheeler](data_compression/burrows_wheeler.py)
+  * [Coordinate Compression](data_compression/coordinate_compression.py)
   * [Huffman](data_compression/huffman.py)
   * [Lempel Ziv](data_compression/lempel_ziv.py)
   * [Lempel Ziv Decompress](data_compression/lempel_ziv_decompress.py)
@@ -723,6 +725,7 @@
     * [Secant Method](maths/numerical_analysis/secant_method.py)
     * [Simpson Rule](maths/numerical_analysis/simpson_rule.py)
     * [Square Root](maths/numerical_analysis/square_root.py)
+    * [Weierstrass Method](maths/numerical_analysis/weierstrass_method.py)
   * [Odd Sieve](maths/odd_sieve.py)
   * [Perfect Cube](maths/perfect_cube.py)
   * [Perfect Number](maths/perfect_number.py)
@@ -956,6 +959,7 @@
     * [Sol1](project_euler/problem_009/sol1.py)
     * [Sol2](project_euler/problem_009/sol2.py)
     * [Sol3](project_euler/problem_009/sol3.py)
+    * [Sol4](project_euler/problem_009/sol4.py)
   * Problem 010
     * [Sol1](project_euler/problem_010/sol1.py)
     * [Sol2](project_euler/problem_010/sol2.py)
@@ -1266,6 +1270,7 @@
   * [Comb Sort](sorts/comb_sort.py)
   * [Counting Sort](sorts/counting_sort.py)
   * [Cycle Sort](sorts/cycle_sort.py)
+  * [Cyclic Sort](sorts/cyclic_sort.py)
   * [Double Sort](sorts/double_sort.py)
   * [Dutch National Flag Sort](sorts/dutch_national_flag_sort.py)
   * [Exchange Sort](sorts/exchange_sort.py)
@@ -1296,6 +1301,7 @@
   * [Shell Sort](sorts/shell_sort.py)
   * [Shrink Shell Sort](sorts/shrink_shell_sort.py)
   * [Slowsort](sorts/slowsort.py)
+  * [Stalin Sort](sorts/stalin_sort.py)
   * [Stooge Sort](sorts/stooge_sort.py)
   * [Strand Sort](sorts/strand_sort.py)
   * [Tim Sort](sorts/tim_sort.py)

README.md

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
     <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TheAlgorithms/website/1cd824df116b27029f17c2d1b42d81731f28a920/public/logo.svg" height="100">
   </a>
   <h1><a href="https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/">The Algorithms</a> - Python</h1>
+
 <!-- Labels: -->
   <!-- First row: -->
   <a href="https://gitpod.io/#https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python">
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@
   <a href="https://gitter.im/TheAlgorithms/community">
     <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Chat-Gitter-ff69b4.svg?label=Chat&logo=gitter&style=flat-square" height="20" alt="Gitter chat">
   </a>
+
   <!-- Second row: -->
   <br>
   <a href="https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/actions">
@@ -27,23 +29,24 @@
   <a href="https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit">
     <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/pre--commit-enabled-brightgreen?logo=pre-commit&logoColor=white&style=flat-square" height="20" alt="pre-commit">
   </a>
-  <a href="https://github.com/psf/black">
-    <img src="https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=code%20style&message=black&color=black&style=flat-square" height="20" alt="code style: black">
+  <a href="https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/formatter/">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=code%20style&message=ruff&color=black&style=flat-square" height="20" alt="code style: black">
   </a>
+
 <!-- Short description: -->
-  <h3>All algorithms implemented in Python - for education</h3>
+  <h3>All algorithms implemented in Python - for education 📚</h3>
 </div>
 
 Implementations are for learning purposes only. They may be less efficient than the implementations in the Python standard library. Use them at your discretion.
 
-## Getting Started
+## 🚀 Getting Started
 
-Read through our [Contribution Guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md) before you contribute.
+📋 Read through our [Contribution Guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md) before you contribute.
 
-## Community Channels
+## 🌐 Community Channels
 
 We are on [Discord](https://the-algorithms.com/discord) and [Gitter](https://gitter.im/TheAlgorithms/community)! Community channels are a great way for you to ask questions and get help. Please join us!
 
-## List of Algorithms
+## 📜 List of Algorithms
 
 See our [directory](DIRECTORY.md) for easier navigation and a better overview of the project.

backtracking/combination_sum.py

@@ -47,8 +47,18 @@ def combination_sum(candidates: list, target: int) -> list:
     >>> combination_sum([-8, 2.3, 0], 1)
     Traceback (most recent call last):
         ...
-    RecursionError: maximum recursion depth exceeded
+    ValueError: All elements in candidates must be non-negative
+    >>> combination_sum([], 1)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Candidates list should not be empty
     """
+    if not candidates:
+        raise ValueError("Candidates list should not be empty")
+
+    if any(x < 0 for x in candidates):
+        raise ValueError("All elements in candidates must be non-negative")
+
     path = []  # type: list[int]
     answer = []  # type: list[int]
     backtrack(candidates, path, answer, target, 0)