lps22: add docs (#4340)

Co-authored-by: Jesse Hills <[email protected]>

Author: nagisa

components/index.rst

@@ -386,6 +386,7 @@ Environmental
     HYT271, components/sensor/hyt271, hyt271.jpg, Temperature & Humidity
     Inkbird IBS-TH1 Mini, components/sensor/inkbird_ibsth1_mini, inkbird_isbth1_mini.jpg, Temperature & Humidity
     Internal Temperature, components/sensor/internal_temperature, thermometer.svg, Temperature, dark-invert
+    LPS22, components/sensor/lps22, lps22.jpg, Temperature & Barometric Pressure
     MCP9808, components/sensor/mcp9808, mcp9808.jpg, Temperature
     MH-Z19, components/sensor/mhz19, mhz19.jpg, CO2 & Temperature
     MLX90614, components/sensor/mlx90614, mlx90614.jpg, Temperature

components/sensor/images/lps22.jpg

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+LPS22 Barometric Pressure Sensor
+================================
+
+.. seo::
+    :description: Instructions for setting up LPS22 barometric pressure sensor
+
+The ``lps22`` sensor platform  allows you to use your LPS22HB or LPS22HH pressure sensor
+(`datasheet <https://www.st.com/resource/en/application_note/an4672-lps22hblps25hb-digital-pressure-sensors-hardware-guidelines-for-system-integration-stmicroelectronics.pdf>`__) with ESPHome.
+
+The :ref:`I²C Bus <i2c>` is required to be set up in your configuration for this sensor to work.
+
+.. figure:: images/lps22.jpg
+    :align: center
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    sensor:
+      - platform: lps22
+        temperature:
+          name: "LPS22 Temperature"
+        pressure:
+          name: "LPS22 Pressure"
+
+Configuration variables:
+------------------------
+
+- **temperature** (*Optional*): Temperature.
+
+  - All options from :ref:`Sensor <config-sensor>`.
+
+- **pressure** (*Optional*): Barometric Pressure.
+
+  - All options from :ref:`Sensor <config-sensor>`.
+
+- **address** (*Optional*, int): Manually specify the I²C address of the sensor. Default is ``0x5d``. ``0x5c`` is another common address.
+- **update_interval** (*Optional*, :ref:`config-time`): The interval to check the sensor. Defaults to ``60s``.
+
+Sensor sampling details:
+------------------------
+
+The LPS22 sensors support variety of sampling and streaming approaches: periodic at various
+frequencies from 1Hz to 75Hz, as well as single-shot sampling mode. Single-shot sampling is
+implemented in this component letting the sensor to enter the power-down mode between samples,
+saving significant power.
+
+See Also
+--------
+
+- :ref:`sensor-filters`
+- :apiref:`lps22/lps22.h`
+- :ghedit:`Edit`