diff --git a/packages/hub/.gitignore b/packages/hub/.gitignore
index 17ac506cbd..02fe4ede6f 100644
--- a/packages/hub/.gitignore
+++ b/packages/hub/.gitignore
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 xet-core-wasm-build
-shard.bin
-xorb.bin
\ No newline at end of file
+*.bin
+.debug
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/hub/src/utils/ChunkCache.ts b/packages/hub/src/utils/ChunkCache.ts
index 50d356cc80..01f71ca890 100644
--- a/packages/hub/src/utils/ChunkCache.ts
+++ b/packages/hub/src/utils/ChunkCache.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,16 @@ export class ChunkCache {
 	hmacs = new Set<string>(); // todo : remove old hmacs
 
 	addChunkToCache(hash: string, xorbIndex: number, chunkIndex: number, hmac: string | null): void {
+		if (this.map.has(hash)) {
+			// Happens when we receive an existing chunk from remote dedup info (eg duplicate chunk in shard? Or shards with same hmac key
+			// sharing chunks/xorbs)
+
+			// processing this chunk again would desync the cache, as `this.map.size` would not increase, as opposed to `this.index`
+
+			// Ideally we'd still process it to evict it later ("refresh it") but would need more complex handling, or stop using
+			// the Uint16Array / Int32Array which are optimized for memory usage
+			return;
+		}
 		this.map.set(hash, this.index);
 		if (hmac !== null) {
 			this.hmacs.add(hmac);