-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
Expand file tree
/
Copy pathatom.xml
More file actions
3660 lines (2856 loc) · 214 KB
/
atom.xml
File metadata and controls
3660 lines (2856 loc) · 214 KB
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
<title><![CDATA[OPS Notes By 枯木]]></title>
<link href="http://kumu-Linux.github.io/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="http://kumu-Linux.github.io/"/>
<updated>2014-07-22T14:53:42+08:00</updated>
<id>http://kumu-Linux.github.io/</id>
<author>
<name><![CDATA[枯木]]></name>
<email><![CDATA[1988.wulei@gmail.com]]></email>
</author>
<generator uri="http://octopress.org/">Octopress</generator>
<entry>
<title type="html"><![CDATA[docker相关命令]]></title>
<link href="http://kumu-Linux.github.io/blog/2014/07/19/docker-cmd/"/>
<updated>2014-07-19T16:13:00+08:00</updated>
<id>http://kumu-Linux.github.io/blog/2014/07/19/docker-cmd</id>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h2>docker help</h2>
<p>容器日常的操作过程中，熟练使用docker的相关命令还是非常重要的，推荐把docker的命令熟读并实践，这样对docker相关功能的理解会很有帮助的。</p>
<!--more-->
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
<span class='line-number'>17</span>
<span class='line-number'>18</span>
<span class='line-number'>19</span>
<span class='line-number'>20</span>
<span class='line-number'>21</span>
<span class='line-number'>22</span>
<span class='line-number'>23</span>
<span class='line-number'>24</span>
<span class='line-number'>25</span>
<span class='line-number'>26</span>
<span class='line-number'>27</span>
<span class='line-number'>28</span>
<span class='line-number'>29</span>
<span class='line-number'>30</span>
<span class='line-number'>31</span>
<span class='line-number'>32</span>
<span class='line-number'>33</span>
<span class='line-number'>34</span>
<span class='line-number'>35</span>
<span class='line-number'>36</span>
<span class='line-number'>37</span>
<span class='line-number'>38</span>
<span class='line-number'>39</span>
<span class='line-number'>40</span>
<span class='line-number'>41</span>
<span class='line-number'>42</span>
<span class='line-number'>43</span>
<span class='line-number'>44</span>
<span class='line-number'>45</span>
<span class='line-number'>46</span>
<span class='line-number'>47</span>
<span class='line-number'>48</span>
<span class='line-number'>49</span>
<span class='line-number'>50</span>
<span class='line-number'>51</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker <span class="c"># docker命令帮助</span>
</span><span class='line'>Usage: docker <span class="o">[</span>OPTIONS<span class="o">]</span> COMMAND <span class="o">[</span>arg...<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'> -H<span class="o">=[</span>unix:///var/run/docker.sock<span class="o">]</span>: tcp://host:port to <span class="nb">bind</span>/connect to or unix://path/to/socket to use
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>A self-sufficient runtime <span class="k">for </span>linux containers.
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Commands:
</span><span class='line'> attach Attach to a running container <span class="c"># 当前shell下attach连接指定运行镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'> build Build an image from a Dockerfile <span class="c"># 通过Dockerfile定制镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'> commit Create a new image from a container<span class="s1">'s changes # 提交当前容器为新的镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> cp Copy files/folders from the containers filesystem to the host path</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> # 从容器中拷贝指定文件或者目录到宿主机中</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> diff Inspect changes on a container'</span>s filesystem <span class="c"># 查看docker容器变化</span>
</span><span class='line'> events Get real <span class="nb">time </span>events from the server <span class="c"># 从docker服务获取容器实时事件</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">export </span>Stream the contents of a container as a tar archive
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># 导出容器的内容流作为一个tar归档文件[对应import]</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">history </span>Show the <span class="nb">history </span>of an image <span class="c"># 展示一个镜像形成历史</span>
</span><span class='line'> images List images <span class="c"># 列出系统当前镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'> import Create a new filesystem image from the contents of a tarball
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># 从tar包中的内容创建一个新的文件系统映像[对应export]</span>
</span><span class='line'> info Display system-wide information <span class="c"># 显示系统相关信息</span>
</span><span class='line'> inspect Return low-level information on a container <span class="c"># 查看容器详细信息</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">kill </span>Kill a running container <span class="c"># kill指定docker容器</span>
</span><span class='line'> load Load an image from a tar archive <span class="c"># 从一个tar包中加载一个镜像[对应save]</span>
</span><span class='line'> login Register or Login to the docker registry server
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># 注册或者登陆一个docker源服务器</span>
</span><span class='line'> logs Fetch the logs of a container <span class="c"># 输出当前容器日志信息</span>
</span><span class='line'> port Lookup the public-facing port which is NAT-ed to PRIVATE_PORT
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># 查看映射端口对应的容器内部源端口</span>
</span><span class='line'> pause Pause all processes within a container <span class="c"># 暂停容器</span>
</span><span class='line'> ps List containers <span class="c"># 列出容器列表</span>
</span><span class='line'> pull Pull an image or a repository from the docker registry server
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># 从docker镜像源服务器拉取指定镜像或者库镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'> push Push an image or a repository to the docker registry server
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># 推送指定镜像或者库镜像至docker源服务器</span>
</span><span class='line'> restart Restart a running container <span class="c"># 重启运行的容器</span>
</span><span class='line'> rm Remove one or more containers <span class="c"># 移除一个或者多个容器</span>
</span><span class='line'> rmi Remove one or more images
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># 移除一个或多个镜像[无容器使用该镜像才可删除，否则需删除相关容器才可继续或-f强制删除]</span>
</span><span class='line'> run Run a <span class="nb">command </span>in a new container
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># 在一个新的容器中运行一个命令</span>
</span><span class='line'> save Save an image to a tar archive <span class="c"># 保存一个镜像为一个tar包[对应load]</span>
</span><span class='line'> search Search <span class="k">for </span>an image in the docker index <span class="c"># 在docker index中搜索镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'> start Start a stopped containers <span class="c"># 启动容器</span>
</span><span class='line'> stop Stop a running containers <span class="c"># 停止容器</span>
</span><span class='line'> tag Tag an image into a repository <span class="c"># 给源中镜像打标签</span>
</span><span class='line'> top Lookup the running processes of a container <span class="c"># 查看容器中运行的进程信息</span>
</span><span class='line'> unpause Unpause a paused container <span class="c"># 取消暂停容器</span>
</span><span class='line'> version Show the docker version information <span class="c"># 查看docker版本号</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">wait </span>Block <span class="k">until </span>a container stops, <span class="k">then </span>print its <span class="nb">exit </span>code
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># 截取容器停止时的退出状态值</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>docker选项帮助</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
<span class='line-number'>17</span>
<span class='line-number'>18</span>
<span class='line-number'>19</span>
<span class='line-number'>20</span>
<span class='line-number'>21</span>
<span class='line-number'>22</span>
<span class='line-number'>23</span>
<span class='line-number'>24</span>
<span class='line-number'>25</span>
<span class='line-number'>26</span>
<span class='line-number'>27</span>
<span class='line-number'>28</span>
<span class='line-number'>29</span>
<span class='line-number'>30</span>
<span class='line-number'>31</span>
<span class='line-number'>32</span>
<span class='line-number'>33</span>
<span class='line-number'>34</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker --help
</span><span class='line'>Usage of docker:
</span><span class='line'> --api-enable-cors<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Enable CORS headers in the remote API <span class="c"># 远程API中开启CORS头</span>
</span><span class='line'> -b, --bridge<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span> Attach containers to a pre-existing network bridge <span class="c"># 桥接网络</span>
</span><span class='line'> use <span class="s1">'none'</span> to disable container networking
</span><span class='line'> --bip<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span> Use this CIDR notation address <span class="k">for </span>the network bridge<span class="s1">'s IP, not compatible with -b</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> # 和-b选项不兼容，具体没有测试过</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> -d, --daemon=false Enable daemon mode # daemon模式</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> -D, --debug=false Enable debug mode # debug模式</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> --dns=[] Force docker to use specific DNS servers # 强制docker使用指定dns服务器</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> --dns-search=[] Force Docker to use specific DNS search domains # 强制docker使用指定dns搜索域</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> -e, --exec-driver="native" Force the docker runtime to use a specific exec driver # 强制docker运行时使用指定执行驱动器</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> -G, --group="docker" Group to assign the unix socket specified by -H when running in daemon mode</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> use '' (the empty string) to disable setting of a group</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> -g, --graph="/var/lib/docker" Path to use as the root of the docker runtime # 容器运行的根目录路径</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> -H, --host=[] The socket(s) to bind to in daemon mode # daemon模式下docker指定绑定方式[tcp or 本地socket]</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> specified using one or more tcp://host:port, unix:///path/to/socket, fd://* or fd://socketfd.</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> --icc=true Enable inter-container communication # 跨容器通信</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> --ip="0.0.0.0" Default IP address to use when binding container ports # 指定监听地址，默认所有ip</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> --ip-forward=true Enable net.ipv4.ip_forward # 开启转发</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> --iptables=true Enable Docker'</span>s addition of iptables rules <span class="c"># 添加对应iptables规则</span>
</span><span class='line'> --mtu<span class="o">=</span>0 Set the containers network MTU <span class="c"># 设置网络mtu</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">if </span>no value is provided: default to the default route MTU or 1500 <span class="k">if </span>no default route is available
</span><span class='line'> -p, --pidfile<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/var/run/docker.pid"</span> Path to use <span class="k">for </span>daemon PID file <span class="c"># 指定pid文件位置</span>
</span><span class='line'> -r, --restart<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">true </span>Restart previously running containers <span class="c"># 重新启动以前运行的容器 </span>
</span><span class='line'> -s, --storage-driver<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span> Force the docker runtime to use a specific storage driver <span class="c"># 强制docker运行时使用指定存储驱动</span>
</span><span class='line'> --selinux-enabled<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Enable selinux support <span class="c"># 开启selinux支持</span>
</span><span class='line'> --storage-opt<span class="o">=[]</span> Set storage driver options <span class="c"># 设置存储驱动选项</span>
</span><span class='line'> --tls<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Use TLS; implied by tls-verify flags <span class="c"># 开启tls</span>
</span><span class='line'> --tlscacert<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/root/.docker/ca.pem"</span> Trust only remotes providing a certificate signed by the CA given here
</span><span class='line'> --tlscert<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/root/.docker/cert.pem"</span> Path to TLS certificate file <span class="c"># tls证书文件位置</span>
</span><span class='line'> --tlskey<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"/root/.docker/key.pem"</span> Path to TLS key file <span class="c"># tls key文件位置</span>
</span><span class='line'> --tlsverify<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Use TLS and verify the remote <span class="o">(</span>daemon: verify client, client: verify daemon<span class="o">)</span> <span class="c"># 使用tls并确认远程控制主机</span>
</span><span class='line'> -v, --version<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Print version information and quit <span class="c"># 输出docker版本信息</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>docker search</h3>
<p>官方镜像源地址：<a href="https://registry.hub.docker.com/">registry.hub.docker.com</a></p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker search
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Usage: docker search TERM
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Search the docker index <span class="k">for </span>images <span class="c"># 从docker镜像主页搜索镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> --automated<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Only show automated builds
</span><span class='line'> --no-trunc<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Don<span class="err">'</span>t truncate output
</span><span class='line'> -s, --stars<span class="o">=</span>0 Only displays with at least xxx stars
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>示例：</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker search -s 100 ubuntu
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># 查找star数至少为100的镜像，找出只有官方镜像start数超过100，默认不加s选项找出所有相关ubuntu镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'>NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
</span><span class='line'>ubuntu Official Ubuntu base image 425 <span class="o">[</span>OK<span class="o">]</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>docker info</h3>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker info
</span><span class='line'>Containers: 7 <span class="c"># 容器个数</span>
</span><span class='line'>Images: 102 <span class="c"># 镜像个数</span>
</span><span class='line'>Storage Driver: aufs <span class="c"># 存储驱动，默认aufs</span>
</span><span class='line'> Root Dir: /var/lib/docker/aufs <span class="c"># 根目录</span>
</span><span class='line'> Dirs: 116
</span><span class='line'>Execution Driver: native-0.2 <span class="c"># 执行驱动</span>
</span><span class='line'>Kernel Version: 3.13.0-24-generic
</span><span class='line'>WARNING: No swap limit support
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>docker pull && docker push</h3>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker pull <span class="c"># pull拉取镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Usage: docker pull NAME<span class="o">[</span>:TAG<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Pull an image or a repository from the registry
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker push <span class="c"># push推送指定镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Usage: docker push NAME<span class="o">[</span>:TAG<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Push an image or a repository to the registry
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>示例：</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker pull ubuntu <span class="c"># 下载官方ubuntu docker镜像，默认下载所有ubuntu官方库镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker pull ubuntu:14.04 <span class="c"># 下载指定版本ubuntu官方镜像</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker push 192.168.0.100:5000/ubuntu
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># 推送镜像库到私有源[可注册docker官方账户，推送到官方自有账户]</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker push 192.168.0.100:5000/ubuntu:14.04
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># 推送指定镜像到私有源</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>docker images</h3>
<p>列出当前系统镜像</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker images -h
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Usage: docker images <span class="o">[</span>OPTIONS<span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">[</span>NAME<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>List images
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> -a, --all<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Show all images <span class="o">(</span>by default filter out the intermediate image layers<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># -a显示当前系统的所有镜像，包括过渡层镜像，默认docker images显示最终镜像，不包括过渡层镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'> -f, --filter<span class="o">=[]</span> Provide filter values <span class="o">(</span>i.e. <span class="s1">'dangling=true'</span><span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> --no-trunc<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Don<span class="err">'</span>t truncate output
</span><span class='line'> -q, --quiet<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Only show numeric IDs
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>示例：</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker images <span class="c"># 显示当前系统镜像，不包括过渡层镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker images -a <span class="c"># 显示当前系统所有镜像，包括过渡层镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker images ubuntu <span class="c"># 显示当前系统docker ubuntu库中的所有镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'>REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
</span><span class='line'>ubuntu 12.04 ebe4be4dd427 4 weeks ago 210.6 MB
</span><span class='line'>ubuntu 14.04 e54ca5efa2e9 4 weeks ago 276.5 MB
</span><span class='line'>ubuntu 14.04-ssh 6334d3ac099a 7 weeks ago 383.2 MB
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>docker rmi</h3>
<p>删除一个或者多个镜像</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker rmi
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Usage: docker rmi IMAGE <span class="o">[</span>IMAGE...<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Remove one or more images
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> -f, --force<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Force removal of the image <span class="c"># 强制移除镜像不管是否有容器使用该镜像</span>
</span><span class='line'> --no-prune<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Do not delete untagged parents <span class="c"># 不要删除未标记的父镜像</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p></p>
<h3>docker run</h3>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
<span class='line-number'>17</span>
<span class='line-number'>18</span>
<span class='line-number'>19</span>
<span class='line-number'>20</span>
<span class='line-number'>21</span>
<span class='line-number'>22</span>
<span class='line-number'>23</span>
<span class='line-number'>24</span>
<span class='line-number'>25</span>
<span class='line-number'>26</span>
<span class='line-number'>27</span>
<span class='line-number'>28</span>
<span class='line-number'>29</span>
<span class='line-number'>30</span>
<span class='line-number'>31</span>
<span class='line-number'>32</span>
<span class='line-number'>33</span>
<span class='line-number'>34</span>
<span class='line-number'>35</span>
<span class='line-number'>36</span>
<span class='line-number'>37</span>
<span class='line-number'>38</span>
<span class='line-number'>39</span>
<span class='line-number'>40</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker run
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Usage: docker run <span class="o">[</span>OPTIONS<span class="o">]</span> IMAGE <span class="o">[</span>COMMAND<span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">[</span>ARG...<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Run a <span class="nb">command </span>in a new container
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> -a, --attach<span class="o">=[]</span> Attach to stdin, stdout or stderr.
</span><span class='line'> -c, --cpu-shares<span class="o">=</span>0 CPU shares <span class="o">(</span>relative weight<span class="o">)</span> <span class="c"># 设置cpu使用权重</span>
</span><span class='line'> --cidfile<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span> Write the container ID to the file <span class="c"># 把容器id写入到指定文件</span>
</span><span class='line'> --cpuset<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span> CPUs in which to allow execution <span class="o">(</span>0-3, 0,1<span class="o">)</span> <span class="c"># cpu绑定</span>
</span><span class='line'> -d, --detach<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Detached mode: Run container in the background, print new container id <span class="c"># 后台运行容器</span>
</span><span class='line'> --dns<span class="o">=[]</span> Set custom dns servers <span class="c"># 设置dns</span>
</span><span class='line'> --dns-search<span class="o">=[]</span> Set custom dns search domains <span class="c"># 设置dns域搜索</span>
</span><span class='line'> -e, --env<span class="o">=[]</span> Set environment variables <span class="c"># 定义环境变量</span>
</span><span class='line'> --entrypoint<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span> Overwrite the default entrypoint of the image <span class="c"># ？</span>
</span><span class='line'> --env-file<span class="o">=[]</span> Read in a line delimited file of ENV variables <span class="c"># 从指定文件读取变量值</span>
</span><span class='line'> --expose<span class="o">=[]</span> Expose a port from the container without publishing it to your host <span class="c"># 指定对外提供服务端口</span>
</span><span class='line'> -h, --hostname<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span> Container host name <span class="c"># 设置容器主机名</span>
</span><span class='line'> -i, --interactive<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Keep stdin open even <span class="k">if </span>not attached <span class="c"># 保持标准输出开启即使没有attached</span>
</span><span class='line'> --link<span class="o">=[]</span> Add link to another container <span class="o">(</span>name:alias<span class="o">)</span> <span class="c"># 添加链接到另外一个容器[这个会专门章节讲解]</span>
</span><span class='line'> --lxc-conf<span class="o">=[]</span> <span class="o">(</span>lxc <span class="nb">exec</span>-driver only<span class="o">)</span> Add custom lxc options --lxc-conf<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"lxc.cgroup.cpuset.cpus = 0,1"</span>
</span><span class='line'> -m, --memory<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span> Memory limit <span class="o">(</span>format: <number><optional unit>, where <span class="nv">unit</span> <span class="o">=</span> b, k, m or g<span class="o">)</span> <span class="c"># 内存限制</span>
</span><span class='line'> --name<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span> Assign a name to the container <span class="c"># 设置容器名</span>
</span><span class='line'> --net<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"bridge"</span> Set the Network mode <span class="k">for </span>the container <span class="c"># 设置容器网络模式</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s1">'bridge'</span>: creates a new network stack <span class="k">for </span>the container on the docker bridge
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s1">'none'</span>: no networking <span class="k">for </span>this container
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s1">'container:<name|id>'</span>: reuses another container network stack
</span><span class='line'> <span class="s1">'host'</span>: use the host network stack inside the container. Note: the host mode gives the container full access to <span class="nb">local </span>system services such as D-bus and is therefore considered insecure.
</span><span class='line'> -P, --publish-all<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Publish all exposed ports to the host interfaces <span class="c"># 自动映射容器对外提供服务的端口</span>
</span><span class='line'> -p, --publish<span class="o">=[]</span> Publish a container<span class="s1">'s port to the host # 指定端口映射</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> format: ip:hostPort:containerPort | ip::containerPort | hostPort:containerPort</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="s1"> (use '</span>docker port<span class="err">'</span> to see the actual mapping<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> --privileged<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Give extended privileges to this container <span class="c"># 提供更多的权限给容器</span>
</span><span class='line'> --rm<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Automatically remove the container when it exits <span class="o">(</span>incompatible with -d<span class="o">)</span> <span class="c"># 如果容器退出自动移除和-d选项冲突</span>
</span><span class='line'> --sig-proxy<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">true </span>Proxify received signals to the process <span class="o">(</span>even in non-tty mode<span class="o">)</span>. SIGCHLD is not proxied. <span class="c"># ？</span>
</span><span class='line'> -t, --tty<span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">false </span>Allocate a pseudo-tty <span class="c"># 分配伪终端</span>
</span><span class='line'> -u, --user<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span> Username or UID <span class="c"># 指定运行容器的用户uid或者用户名</span>
</span><span class='line'> -v, --volume<span class="o">=[]</span> Bind mount a volume <span class="o">(</span>e.g., from the host: -v /host:/container, from docker: -v /container<span class="o">)</span> <span class="c"># 挂载卷[这个会专门章节讲解]</span>
</span><span class='line'> --volumes-from<span class="o">=[]</span> Mount volumes from the specified container<span class="o">(</span>s<span class="o">)</span> <span class="c"># 从指定容器挂载卷</span>
</span><span class='line'> -w, --workdir<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span> Working directory inside the container <span class="c"># 指定容器工作目录</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>示例：</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker images ubuntu
</span><span class='line'>REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
</span><span class='line'>ubuntu 14.04 e54ca5efa2e9 4 weeks ago 276.5 MB
</span><span class='line'>... ...
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker run -t -i -c 100 -m 512MB -h test1 -d --name<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"docker_test1"</span> ubuntu /bin/bash
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># 创建一个cpu优先级为1，内存限制512MB，主机名为test1，名为docker_test1后台运行bash的容器</span>
</span><span class='line'>a424ca613c9f2247cd3ede95adfbaf8d28400cbcb1d5f9b69a7b56f97b2b52e5
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker ps
</span><span class='line'>CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
</span><span class='line'>a424ca613c9f ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds docker_test1
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo docker attach docker_test1
</span><span class='line'>root@test1:/# <span class="nb">pwd</span>
</span><span class='line'>/
</span><span class='line'>root@test1:/# <span class="nb">exit</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">exit</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p><strong>关于cpu优先级:</strong></p>
<blockquote><p>By default all groups have 1024 shares. A group with 100 shares will get a ~10% portion of the CPU time:</p></blockquote>
<h3>docker start|stop|kill|restart|pause|unpause|rm|commit|inspect</h3>
<ul>
<li>docker start CONTAINER [CONTAINER…] # 运行一个或多个停止的容器</li>
<li>docker stop CONTAINER [CONTAINER…] # 停掉一个或多个运行的容器 <code>-t</code>选项可指定超时时间</li>
<li>docker kill [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER…] # 默认kill发送SIGKILL信号 <code>-s</code>可以指定发送kill信号类型</li>
<li>docker restart [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER…] # 重启一个或多个运行的容器 <code>-t</code>选项可指定超时时间</li>
<li>docker pause CONTAINER # 暂停一个容器，方便commit</li>
<li>docker unpause CONTAINER # 继续暂停的容器</li>
<li>docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER…] # 移除一个或多个容器
<ul>
<li>-f, –force=false Force removal of running container</li>
<li>-l, –link=false Remove the specified link and not the underlying container</li>
<li>-v, –volumes=false Remove the volumes associated with the container</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]] # 提交指定容器为镜像
<ul>
<li>-a, –author=”” Author (e.g., “John Hannibal Smith <a href="mailto:hannibal@a-team.com">hannibal@a-team.com</a>”)</li>
<li>-m, –message=”” Commit message</li>
<li>-p, –pause=true Pause container during commit # 默认commit是暂停状态</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>docker inspect CONTAINER|IMAGE [CONTAINER|IMAGE…] # 查看容器或者镜像的详细信息</li>
<li>docker logs CONTAINER # 输出指定容器日志信息
<ul>
<li>-f, –follow=false Follow log output # 类似tail -f</li>
<li>-t, –timestamps=false Show timestamps</li>
<li>–tail=”all” Output the specified number of lines at the end of logs (defaults to all logs)</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>参考文档</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.docker.com/reference/run/">Docker Run Reference</a></li>
</ul>
<p>–EOF–</p>
]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title type="html"><![CDATA[本地fsck修复qcow2]]></title>
<link href="http://kumu-Linux.github.io/blog/2014/06/23/fsck-qcow2/"/>
<updated>2014-06-23T16:36:00+08:00</updated>
<id>http://kumu-Linux.github.io/blog/2014/06/23/fsck-qcow2</id>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>因为一些原因导致若干kvm虚拟机出现启动不了的情况，如下图：</p>
<!--more-->
<p><img src="http://kumu-Linux.github.io/images/boot_trouble.png"></p>
<p>这应该是文件系统破坏的问题，一般情况下还可以在虚拟机中fsck修复文件系统，但是这种情况在虚拟机中根本就没有机会fsck，所以想到通过外界方法对虚拟磁盘进行fsck。创建虚拟机使用的虚拟磁盘的类型是qcow2，开机无法fsck的话，可以通过如下两种方式:</p>
<ul>
<li>通过启动其它虚拟机的时候指定损坏虚拟磁盘启动再修复</li>
<li>通过qemu-nbd工具本地宿主机上修复qcow2</li>
</ul>
<p>这里介绍第二种方式，直接在宿主机上修复损坏qcow2磁盘，利用qemu-nbd把qcow2映射为网络设备<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_block_device">Network block device</a>。</p>
<h2>加载nbd</h2>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="c"># modprobe nbd max_part=8 # max_part表示每个设备的分区，根据实际情况修改，默认为0</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># modinfo nbd # 查看nbd相关信息</span>
</span><span class='line'>filename: /lib/modules/3.5.0-23-generic/kernel/drivers/block/nbd.ko
</span><span class='line'>license: GPL
</span><span class='line'>description: Network Block Device
</span><span class='line'>srcversion: B540FE0119F7C28B9D15C21
</span><span class='line'>depends:
</span><span class='line'>intree: Y
</span><span class='line'>vermagic: 3.5.0-23-generic SMP mod_unload modversions
</span><span class='line'>parm: nbds_max:number of network block devices to initialize <span class="o">(</span>default: 16<span class="o">)</span> <span class="o">(</span>int<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'>parm: max_part:number of partitions per device <span class="o">(</span>default: 0<span class="o">)</span> <span class="o">(</span>int<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'>parm: debugflags:flags <span class="k">for </span>controlling debug output <span class="o">(</span>int<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># ls /dev/nbd* # 默认有16个nbd设备文件</span>
</span><span class='line'>/dev/nbd0 /dev/nbd1 /dev/nbd10 /dev/nbd11 /dev/nbd12 /dev/nbd13
</span><span class='line'>/dev/nbd14 /dev/nbd15 /dev/nbd2 /dev/nbd3 /dev/nbd4 /dev/nbd5
</span><span class='line'>/dev/nbd6 /dev/nbd7 /dev/nbd8 /dev/nbd9
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h2>映射损坏qcow2磁盘为nbd</h2>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="c"># qemu-nbd --connect=/dev/nbd0 /data/0/41/disk.qcow2 </span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># 映射disk.qcow2为本地的nbd0设备，qcow2需要为绝对路径</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># ls /dev/nbd0* # 映射虚拟磁盘有两个分区</span>
</span><span class='line'>/dev/nbd0 /dev/nbd0p1 /dev/nbd0p2
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>本来准备修复了，但是发现发现之前的虚拟机分区是LVM设备，如果是正常分区直接修复就可以了，而LVM需要先LVM设备激活。</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="c"># fdisk -l /dev/nbd0</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>Disk /dev/nbd0: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
</span><span class='line'>255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders, total 62914560 sectors
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">Units</span> <span class="o">=</span> sectors of 1 * <span class="nv">512</span> <span class="o">=</span> 512 bytes
</span><span class='line'>Sector size <span class="o">(</span>logical/physical<span class="o">)</span>: 512 bytes / 512 bytes
</span><span class='line'>I/O size <span class="o">(</span>minimum/optimal<span class="o">)</span>: 512 bytes / 512 bytes
</span><span class='line'>Disk identifier: 0x00065194
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
</span><span class='line'>/dev/nbd0p1 * 63 208844 104391 83 Linux
</span><span class='line'>/dev/nbd0p2 208845 62910539 31350847+ 8e Linux LVM
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h2>激活LVM</h2>
<h3>安装lvm</h3>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="c"># mount /dev/nbd0p2 /mnt/ # 说明没有安装LVM</span>
</span><span class='line'>mount: unknown filesystem <span class="nb">type</span> <span class="s1">'LVM2_member'</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># apt-get install lvm2 -y</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>激活LVM</h3>
<p>默认状态可能LVM没有激活，如下：</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
<span class='line-number'>17</span>
<span class='line-number'>18</span>
<span class='line-number'>19</span>
<span class='line-number'>20</span>
<span class='line-number'>21</span>
<span class='line-number'>22</span>
<span class='line-number'>23</span>
<span class='line-number'>24</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="c"># lvdisplay </span>
</span><span class='line'> --- Logical volume ---
</span><span class='line'> LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
</span><span class='line'> VG Name VolGroup00
</span><span class='line'> LV UUID VJkt2b-zSeD-DB23-XcfZ-1OHn-s0Ju-u7sXAN
</span><span class='line'> LV Write Access <span class="nb">read</span>/write
</span><span class='line'> LV Status NOT available
</span><span class='line'> LV Size 21.91 GiB
</span><span class='line'> Current LE 701
</span><span class='line'> Segments 1
</span><span class='line'> Allocation inherit
</span><span class='line'> Read ahead sectors auto
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> --- Logical volume ---
</span><span class='line'> LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01
</span><span class='line'> VG Name VolGroup00
</span><span class='line'> LV UUID kIOZsr-0uYd-FFud-yEnk-x6x7-1GxC-Q1yEOJ
</span><span class='line'> LV Write Access <span class="nb">read</span>/write
</span><span class='line'> LV Status NOT available
</span><span class='line'> LV Size 7.97 GiB
</span><span class='line'> Current LE 255
</span><span class='line'> Segments 1
</span><span class='line'> Allocation inherit
</span><span class='line'> Read ahead sectors auto
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>激活方式如下：</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="c"># vgchange -ay /dev/VolGroup00</span>
</span><span class='line'> 2 logical volume<span class="o">(</span>s<span class="o">)</span> in volume group <span class="s2">"VolGroup00"</span> now active
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># ls /dev/VolGroup00/*</span>
</span><span class='line'>/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h2>修复指定分区</h2>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="c"># fsck -y /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol0</span>
</span><span class='line'>... ...
</span><span class='line'>Free blocks count wrong <span class="o">(</span>5069553, <span class="nv">counted</span><span class="o">=</span>5070543<span class="o">)</span>.
</span><span class='line'>Fix? yes
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****
</span><span class='line'>/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00: 79036/5744640 files <span class="o">(</span>0.7% non-contiguous<span class="o">)</span>, 672049/5742592 blocks
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>如上结果，最终修复磁盘成功。</p>
<h2>取消映射</h2>
<p>修复完成之后取消nbd映射，开启虚拟机即可，取消映射方法如下命令。</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="c"># qemu-nbd --disconnect /dev/nbd0</span>
</span><span class='line'>/dev/nbd0 disconnected
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>修复之后，顺利启动相关虚拟机，推荐开机之后再<code>shutdown -F now</code>强制修复一下，以防万一。</p>
<h2>参考</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.randomhacks.co.uk/how-to-recover-fsck-a-qcow2-file/">How to recover a qcow2 file using fsck</a></li>
</ul>
<p>–EOF–</p>
]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title type="html"><![CDATA[使用pipework桥接docker]]></title>
<link href="http://kumu-Linux.github.io/blog/2014/06/04/docker-pipework/"/>
<updated>2014-06-04T17:24:00+08:00</updated>
<id>http://kumu-Linux.github.io/blog/2014/06/04/docker-pipework</id>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>docker创建的时候，默认是接入docker0，只能单主机进行工作，但是在生产环境中往往不同主机的docker也是需要通信的，所以这里要借助另外一个工具，那就是pipework。</p>
<!--more-->
<h3>安装pipework</h3>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>git clone https://github.com/jpetazzo/pipework.git
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo cp -rp pipework/pipework /usr/local/bin/
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>安装相应依赖软件</h3>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo apt-get install apring bridge-utils -y
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>桥接网络</h3>
<p>Ubuntu14.04</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
<span class='line-number'>17</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="c"># cat /etc/network/interfaces</span>
</span><span class='line'>auto lo
</span><span class='line'>iface lo inet loopback
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>auto eth0
</span><span class='line'>iface eth0 inet manual
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>auto br0
</span><span class='line'>iface br0 inet static
</span><span class='line'>address 192.168.0.219
</span><span class='line'>netmask 255.255.255.0
</span><span class='line'>gateway 192.168.0.254
</span><span class='line'>bridge_ports eth0
</span><span class='line'>bridge_stp off
</span><span class='line'>bridge_fd 0
</span><span class='line'>bridge_maxwait 0
</span><span class='line'>dns-nameservers 192.168.0.254
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>启动br0，使桥接生效</h3>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="c"># ifup br0</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># Bash=$(docker run -i -d -t 192.168.0.219:5000/ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash)</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># pipework br0 $Bash 192.168.0.223/24 </span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c"># 给指定容器添加虚拟网卡并桥接到br0，如此不同主机间的docker便可以通过br0通信了</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>拓展</h3>
<p>关于进一步的内容[vlan| Open vSwitch | etc..]可以参考以下两篇文章：</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/jpetazzo/pipework/blob/master/README.md">pipework readme</a></li>
<li><a href="http://peerxu.github.io/blog/2014/04/07/docker-with-openvswitch.html">pipework-docker网络增强工具</a></li>
</ul>
<p>–EOF–</p>
]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title type="html"><![CDATA[构建docker私有库]]></title>
<link href="http://kumu-Linux.github.io/blog/2014/06/04/docker-registry/"/>
<updated>2014-06-04T17:08:00+08:00</updated>
<id>http://kumu-Linux.github.io/blog/2014/06/04/docker-registry</id>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>为方便管理，我们需要对官方的镜像做一些定制，我们可以构建私有的<code>docker registry</code></p>
<!--more-->
<h3>快速构建</h3>
<p>The fastest way to get running:</p>
<ul>
<li>install docker：<code>apt-get install docker.io</code></li>
<li>run the registry: <code>docker run -p 5000:5000 registry</code></li>
</ul>
<p>That will use the official image from the Docker index.[因为国内被墙的原因，速度比较慢，推荐第二种方式]</p>
<h3>传统构建方式</h3>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev libevent-dev python-pip liblzma-dev
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>git clone https://github.com/dotcloud/docker-registry.git
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span><span class="nb">cd </span>docker-registry/
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>cp config/config_sample.yml config/config.yml
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>mkdir /data/registry -p
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>pip install .
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h4>启动</h4>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo gunicorn --access-logfile - --debug -k gevent -b 0.0.0.0:5000 <span class="se">\</span>
</span><span class='line'>-w 1 docker_registry.wsgi:application
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>生产环境可以通过如supervisord创建8个workers，或者通过nginx和apache来管理，具体可以参考<a href="https://github.com/dotcloud/docker-registry">docker-registry readme</a>。</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo gunicorn -k gevent --max-requests 100 --graceful-timeout 3600 <span class="se">\</span>
</span><span class='line'>-t 3600 -b localhost:5000 -w 8 docker_registry.wsgi:application
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h4>提交指定容器到私有库</h4>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>docker tag 74fe38d11401 192.168.0.219:5000/ubuntu:12.04
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>docker push 192.168.0.219:5000/ubuntu
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>参考</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/dotcloud/docker-registry">docker-registry readme</a></li>
<li><a href="http://blog.docker.io/2013/07/how-to-use-your-own-registry/">How to use your own Registry</a></li>
</ul>
<p>–EOF–</p>
]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title type="html"><![CDATA[开始docker]]></title>
<link href="http://kumu-Linux.github.io/blog/2014/06/04/docker-install-index/"/>
<updated>2014-06-04T17:03:00+08:00</updated>
<id>http://kumu-Linux.github.io/blog/2014/06/04/docker-install-index</id>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>Dokcer的基本原理这里不作介绍，网上已经说的很清楚了，这里就不废话了，可以参考以下几篇文章的介绍。</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://tiewei.github.io/cloud/Docker-Getting-Start/">Docker Getting Start: Related Knowledge </a></li>
<li><a href="http://code.csdn.net/news/2819773">谁是容器中的“战斗机”？Docker与Chef、LXC等容器对比</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.infoq.com/cn/articles/docker-containers">Docker：利用Linux容器实现可移植的应用部署</a></li>
</ul>
<!--more-->
<h2>Docker install</h2>
<p>Docker的安装非常简单，这里只介绍Ubuntu 14.04的安装，其他发行版本的安装可以参考官网手册。</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo apt-get update
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo apt-get install docker.io
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$ </span>sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/docker.io /usr/local/bin/docker
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>获取当前docker版本</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>