matches/exec: create path integrity check before execution

Fixes #518

Create function check_path_integrity which checks
the integrity of the path, with the following criteria:

- Only absolute paths
- Only non-empty paths
- Only directories in path

If the PATH env var does not pass the criteria,
an error is returned warning about the specific
path part that caused that error.

Tests:

- Added tests for both SingleExecMatcher and MultiExecMatcher
- Covered all PATH validation scenarios:
  * Valid absolute directories
  * Empty path segments
  * Relative path segments
  * File paths instead of directories
- Ensured safe environment variable handling with unsafe blocks
- Maintained consistent test patterns with existing serial tests
- Verified correct error handling for invalid PATH configurations

To avoid making the function that performs the check public,
tests were also added that verify that there is no error
with a valid PATH.

Author: sami-daniel

src/find/matchers/exec.rs

@@ -4,14 +4,35 @@
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 // https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
 
+use super::{Matcher, MatcherIO, WalkEntry};
 use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::env;
 use std::error::Error;
 use std::ffi::OsString;
 use std::io::{stderr, Write};
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::process::Command;
 
-use super::{Matcher, MatcherIO, WalkEntry};
+fn check_path_integrity() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+    let path_dirs = env::var("PATH")?;
+    for dir_entry in env::split_paths(&path_dirs) {
+        // We can securely unwrap (or expect) the value of dir_entry string
+        // conversion on message error cause the env::var returns an VarError
+        // variant that indicates if the variable (in this case PATH) contains
+        // invalid Unicode data.
+        let dir_entry_str = dir_entry.to_str().expect("Unexpected conversion error");
+        if !dir_entry.is_absolute() || dir_entry.is_file() || dir_entry_str.is_empty() {
+            return Err(format!(
+                "The PATH environment variable contains non-absolute paths, \
+                 files, or empty paths. Segment that caused the error: '{}'",
+                dir_entry_str
+            )
+            .into());
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
 
 enum Arg {
     FileArg(Vec<OsString>),
@@ -30,6 +51,10 @@ impl SingleExecMatcher {
         args: &[&str],
         exec_in_parent_dir: bool,
     ) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        if exec_in_parent_dir {
+            check_path_integrity()?;
+        }
+
         let transformed_args = args
             .iter()
             .map(|&a| {
@@ -112,6 +137,10 @@ impl MultiExecMatcher {
         args: &[&str],
         exec_in_parent_dir: bool,
     ) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn Error>> {
+        if exec_in_parent_dir {
+            check_path_integrity()?;
+        }
+
         let transformed_args = args.iter().map(OsString::from).collect();
 
         Ok(Self {