Port troubleshooting guide entries from Azure DevOps MCP to Azure MCP

[Copilot]

This PR enhances the Azure MCP troubleshooting guide by porting relevant troubleshooting entries from the Azure DevOps MCP project. The additions focus on common MCP issues that apply across different MCP implementations.

Key Additions

VS Code Integration Issues

Added comprehensive troubleshooting for VS Code-specific problems:

• Cache clearing procedures with platform-specific paths for Windows, macOS, and Linux
• Server visibility issues when Azure MCP Server doesn't appear in Agent Mode
• Tool loading problems when Azure tools don't show up in the tool picker

Enhanced Authentication Troubleshooting

Expanded the authentication section with real-world scenarios:

• Multi-tenant authentication problems with detailed solutions for tenant mismatch issues
• Dev Container and WSL authentication with specific workarounds for containerized development environments
• Environment variable configuration and workspace vs global settings guidance

Package Installation and npm Issues

Added comprehensive npm troubleshooting:

• npm authentication issues for remote package access
• Dependency installation errors with Node.js version requirements
• Corporate firewall and proxy configuration for enterprise environments
• Enhanced platform package troubleshooting with additional resolution steps

Content Adaptation

All content has been carefully adapted from the Azure DevOps MCP context to be relevant for Azure MCP users:

• References to ado_ tools changed to azure_ tools
• Azure DevOps-specific configuration examples replaced with Azure MCP equivalents
• Commands and error messages updated to match Azure MCP patterns
• Added Azure-specific authentication scenarios and solutions

Documentation Quality

• Updated table of contents with new sections and proper anchor links
• Maintained consistent formatting and style with existing documentation
• Added code examples with proper syntax highlighting
• Included cross-platform support for all troubleshooting steps
• Passed spell check validation

The changes add 270 lines of new troubleshooting content while modifying only 9 existing lines, ensuring minimal disruption to existing documentation.

Fixes #772.

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