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Improper neutralization of data URIs may allow XSS in Loofah

Moderate severity GitHub Reviewed Published Dec 13, 2022 in flavorjones/loofah • Updated Nov 4, 2025

Package

bundler loofah (RubyGems)

Affected versions

>= 2.1.0, < 2.19.1

Patched versions

2.19.1

Description

Summary

Loofah >= 2.1.0, < 2.19.1 is vulnerable to cross-site scripting via the image/svg+xml media type in data URIs.

Mitigation

Upgrade to Loofah >= 2.19.1.

Severity

The Loofah maintainers have evaluated this as Medium Severity 6.1.

References

Credit

This vulnerability was responsibly reported by Maciej Piechota (@haqpl).

References

@flavorjones flavorjones published to flavorjones/loofah Dec 13, 2022
Published to the GitHub Advisory Database Dec 13, 2022
Reviewed Dec 13, 2022
Published by the National Vulnerability Database Dec 14, 2022
Last updated Nov 4, 2025

Severity

Moderate

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

EPSS score

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

This score estimates the probability of this vulnerability being exploited within the next 30 days. Data provided by FIRST.
(75th percentile)

Weaknesses

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users. Learn more on MITRE.

CVE ID

CVE-2022-23515

GHSA ID

GHSA-228g-948r-83gx

Source code

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