core/stateless: add vmwitnessstats cli flag to report leaf stats + log to console

cmd/geth/main.go

@@ -133,6 +133,8 @@ var (
 		utils.VMEnableDebugFlag,
 		utils.VMTraceFlag,
 		utils.VMTraceJsonConfigFlag,
+		utils.VMWitnessStatsFlag,
+		utils.VMStatelessSelfValidationFlag,
 		utils.NetworkIdFlag,
 		utils.EthStatsURLFlag,
 		utils.GpoBlocksFlag,

cmd/utils/flags.go

@@ -571,6 +571,16 @@ var (
 		Value:    "{}",
 		Category: flags.VMCategory,
 	}
+	VMWitnessStatsFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+		Name:     "vmwitnessstats",
+		Usage:    "Enable collection of witness trie access statistics (automatically enables witness generation)",
+		Category: flags.VMCategory,
+	}
+	VMStatelessSelfValidationFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+		Name:     "stateless-self-validation",
+		Usage:    "Generate execution witnesses and self-check against them (testing purpose)",
+		Category: flags.VMCategory,
+	}
 	// API options.
 	RPCGlobalGasCapFlag = &cli.Uint64Flag{
 		Name:     "rpc.gascap",
@@ -1707,6 +1717,16 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
 	if ctx.IsSet(VMEnableDebugFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.EnablePreimageRecording = ctx.Bool(VMEnableDebugFlag.Name)
 	}
+	if ctx.IsSet(VMWitnessStatsFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.EnableWitnessStats = ctx.Bool(VMWitnessStatsFlag.Name)
+	}
+	if ctx.IsSet(VMStatelessSelfValidationFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.StatelessSelfValidation = ctx.Bool(VMStatelessSelfValidationFlag.Name)
+	}
+	// Auto-enable StatelessSelfValidation when witness stats are enabled
+	if ctx.Bool(VMWitnessStatsFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.StatelessSelfValidation = true
+	}
 
 	if ctx.IsSet(RPCGlobalGasCapFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.RPCGasCap = ctx.Uint64(RPCGlobalGasCapFlag.Name)
@@ -2243,6 +2263,8 @@ func MakeChain(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, readonly bool) (*core.BlockCh
 	}
 	vmcfg := vm.Config{
 		EnablePreimageRecording: ctx.Bool(VMEnableDebugFlag.Name),
+		EnableWitnessStats:      ctx.Bool(VMWitnessStatsFlag.Name),
+		StatelessSelfValidation: ctx.Bool(VMStatelessSelfValidationFlag.Name) || ctx.Bool(VMWitnessStatsFlag.Name),
 	}
 	if ctx.IsSet(VMTraceFlag.Name) {
 		if name := ctx.String(VMTraceFlag.Name); name != "" {

core/blockchain.go

@@ -2153,7 +2153,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) processBlock(parentRoot common.Hash, block *types.Block, s
 	}
 	// Report the collected witness statistics
 	if witnessStats != nil {
-		witnessStats.ReportMetrics()
+		witnessStats.ReportMetrics(block.NumberU64())
 	}
 
 	// Update the metrics touched during block commit

core/stateless/stats.go

@@ -17,13 +17,15 @@
 package stateless
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
 	"maps"
 	"slices"
 	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/metrics"
 )
 
@@ -70,7 +72,19 @@ func (s *WitnessStats) Add(nodes map[string][]byte, owner common.Hash) {
 }
 
 // ReportMetrics reports the collected statistics to the global metrics registry.
-func (s *WitnessStats) ReportMetrics() {
+func (s *WitnessStats) ReportMetrics(blockNumber uint64) {
+	// Encode the metrics as JSON for easier consumption
+	accountLeavesJson, _ := json.Marshal(s.accountTrieLeaves)
+	storageLeavesJson, _ := json.Marshal(s.storageTrieLeaves)
+
+	// Log account trie depth statistics
+	log.Info("Account trie depth stats",
+		"block", blockNumber,
+		"leavesAtDepth", string(accountLeavesJson))
+	log.Info("Storage trie depth stats",
+		"block", blockNumber,
+		"leavesAtDepth", string(storageLeavesJson))
+
 	for i := 0; i < 16; i++ {
 		accountTrieLeavesAtDepth[i].Inc(s.accountTrieLeaves[i])
 		storageTrieLeavesAtDepth[i].Inc(s.storageTrieLeaves[i])

core/stateless/stats_test.go

@@ -140,6 +140,64 @@ func TestWitnessStatsAdd(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestWitnessStatsMinMax(t *testing.T) {
+	stats := NewWitnessStats()
+
+	// Add some account trie nodes with varying depths
+	stats.Add(map[string][]byte{
+		"a":     []byte("data1"),
+		"ab":    []byte("data2"),
+		"abc":   []byte("data3"),
+		"abcd":  []byte("data4"),
+		"abcde": []byte("data5"),
+	}, common.Hash{})
+
+	// Only "abcde" is a leaf (depth 5)
+	for i, v := range stats.accountTrieLeaves {
+		if v != 0 && i != 5 {
+			t.Errorf("leaf found at invalid depth %d", i)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Add more leaves with different depths
+	stats.Add(map[string][]byte{
+		"x":  []byte("data6"),
+		"yz": []byte("data7"),
+	}, common.Hash{})
+
+	// Now we have leaves at depths 1, 2, and 5
+	for i, v := range stats.accountTrieLeaves {
+		if v != 0 && (i != 5 && i != 2 && i != 1) {
+			t.Errorf("leaf found at invalid depth %d", i)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWitnessStatsAverage(t *testing.T) {
+	stats := NewWitnessStats()
+
+	// Add nodes that will create leaves at depths 2, 3, and 4
+	stats.Add(map[string][]byte{
+		"aa":   []byte("data1"),
+		"bb":   []byte("data2"),
+		"ccc":  []byte("data3"),
+		"dddd": []byte("data4"),
+	}, common.Hash{})
+
+	// All are leaves: 2 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 11 total, 4 samples
+	expectedAvg := int64(11) / int64(4)
+	var actualAvg, totalSamples int64
+	for i, c := range stats.accountTrieLeaves {
+		actualAvg += c * int64(i)
+		totalSamples += c
+	}
+	actualAvg = actualAvg / totalSamples
+
+	if actualAvg != expectedAvg {
+		t.Errorf("Account trie average depth = %d, want %d", actualAvg, expectedAvg)
+	}
+}
+
 func BenchmarkWitnessStatsAdd(b *testing.B) {
 	// Create a realistic trie node structure
 	nodes := make(map[string][]byte)

eth/backend.go

@@ -235,6 +235,8 @@ func New(stack *node.Node, config *ethconfig.Config) (*Ethereum, error) {
 			TxLookupLimit:    int64(min(config.TransactionHistory, math.MaxInt64)),
 			VmConfig: vm.Config{
 				EnablePreimageRecording: config.EnablePreimageRecording,
+				EnableWitnessStats:      config.EnableWitnessStats,
+				StatelessSelfValidation: config.StatelessSelfValidation,
 			},
 			// Enables file journaling for the trie database. The journal files will be stored
 			// within the data directory. The corresponding paths will be either:

eth/ethconfig/config.go

@@ -144,6 +144,12 @@ type Config struct {
 	// Enables tracking of SHA3 preimages in the VM
 	EnablePreimageRecording bool
 
+	// Enables collection of witness trie access statistics
+	EnableWitnessStats bool
+
+	// Generate execution witnesses and self-check against them (testing purpose)
+	StatelessSelfValidation bool
+
 	// Enables tracking of state size
 	EnableStateSizeTracking bool