Structured Logs: Add captureLog to Hub and Client

[denrase]

📜 Description

• Adds captureLog methods to both Hub and Scope
• Moves attributes enrichment of logs into batcher, so that hub/scope calls also get them.
• Provides additional workarounds for circular issues regarding Logs an ObjC/Swift
• Adds public initializers to SentryLog, so users can actually create them for hub/client method usage.

💡 Motivation and Context

Closes #6503

💚 How did you test it?

Unit tests

📝 Checklist

You have to check all boxes before merging:

• I added tests to verify the changes.
• No new PII added or SDK only sends newly added PII if sendDefaultPII is enabled.
• I updated the docs if needed.
• I updated the wizard if needed.
• Review from the native team if needed.
• No breaking change or entry added to the changelog.
• No breaking change for hybrid SDKs or communicated to hybrid SDKs.

[denrase]

@philipphofmann Hacked this together. Works locally. If there are no other blockers, everything should work out without breaking existing public API.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 86.418%. Comparing base (707c222) to head (ca30a2d).
✅ All tests successful. No failed tests found.

Additional details and impacted files

@@              Coverage Diff              @@
##              main     #6518       +/-   ##
=============================================
+ Coverage   85.899%   86.418%   +0.518%     
=============================================
  Files          451       451               
  Lines        27482     27494       +12     
  Branches     11970     11969        -1     
=============================================
+ Hits         23607     23760      +153     
+ Misses        3826      3691      -135     
+ Partials        49        43        -6     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
SentryTestUtils/TestClient.swift	84.905% <100.000%> (ø)
Sources/Sentry/SentryClient.m	97.426% <100.000%> (-1.645%)	⬇️
Sources/Sentry/SentryHub.m	96.842% <100.000%> (+0.033%)	⬆️
Sources/Swift/Helper/SentrySDK.swift	85.576% <100.000%> (-1.924%)	⬇️
Sources/Swift/Protocol/SentryLog.swift	100.000% <100.000%> (ø)
Sources/Swift/Tools/SentryLogBatcher.swift	99.115% <100.000%> (+0.653%)	⬆️
Sources/Swift/Tools/SentryLogger.swift	100.000% <100.000%> (+0.813%)	⬆️

... and 50 files with indirect coverage changes

---

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[github-actions]

Performance metrics 🚀

	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
Startup time	1217.41 ms	1240.59 ms	23.18 ms
Size	23.75 KiB	1.01 MiB	1006.79 KiB

Baseline results on branch: main

Startup times

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
afaa522	1234.71 ms	1256.19 ms	21.48 ms
670b474	1225.33 ms	1259.59 ms	34.26 ms
162cd7f	1230.59 ms	1256.76 ms	26.16 ms
9add417	1224.33 ms	1243.06 ms	18.73 ms
4c719e2	1206.92 ms	1237.45 ms	30.53 ms
ac4739e	1236.55 ms	1258.89 ms	22.34 ms
3133d0e	1237.86 ms	1262.87 ms	25.01 ms
51f74d7	1236.31 ms	1247.43 ms	11.12 ms
85a741b	1217.02 ms	1239.27 ms	22.25 ms
2c59847	1216.15 ms	1253.80 ms	37.65 ms

App size

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
afaa522	23.74 KiB	996.91 KiB	973.17 KiB
670b474	23.75 KiB	974.89 KiB	951.14 KiB
162cd7f	23.75 KiB	908.39 KiB	884.64 KiB
9add417	23.75 KiB	908.40 KiB	884.65 KiB
4c719e2	23.75 KiB	912.77 KiB	889.02 KiB
ac4739e	23.75 KiB	872.67 KiB	848.92 KiB
3133d0e	23.74 KiB	976.79 KiB	953.04 KiB
51f74d7	23.74 KiB	874.08 KiB	850.34 KiB
85a741b	23.75 KiB	959.44 KiB	935.69 KiB
2c59847	23.75 KiB	1.00 MiB	1005.08 KiB

Previous results on branch: denrase/logs-in-hub-and-client

Startup times

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
9df70d3	1228.40 ms	1262.55 ms	34.16 ms

App size

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
9df70d3	23.75 KiB	1.01 MiB	1006.51 KiB