[DO NOT MERGE] Take 2 - Add JUnit5 extension to initialize SignatureAlgorithm singleton before all tests

.gitignore

@@ -32,3 +32,4 @@ site/
 jitpack.yml
 /ethereum/eth/src/test/resources/tx.csv.gz
 **/**/.factorypath
+.jqwik-database

acceptance-tests/tests/build.gradle

@@ -100,6 +100,8 @@ task acceptanceTest(type: Test) {
   inputs.property "integration.date", LocalTime.now() // so it runs at every invocation
   exclude '**/bftsoak/**'
 
+  // Enable JUnit 5 extension auto-detection to initialize SignatureAlgorithmFactory early
+  systemProperty 'junit.jupiter.extensions.autodetection.enabled', 'true'
   useJUnitPlatform {}
 
   dependsOn(rootProject.installDist)
@@ -128,6 +130,8 @@ task acceptanceTestBftSoak(type: Test) {
   inputs.property "integration.date", LocalTime.now() // so it runs at every invocation
   include '**/bftsoak/**'
 
+  // Enable JUnit 5 extension auto-detection to initialize SignatureAlgorithmFactory early
+  systemProperty 'junit.jupiter.extensions.autodetection.enabled', 'true'
   useJUnitPlatform {}
 
   dependsOn(rootProject.installDist)

build.gradle

@@ -390,6 +390,8 @@ configure(allprojects - project(':platform')) {
         systemProperty name, System.getProperty(name)
       }
     }
+    // Enable JUnit 5 extension auto-detection to initialize SignatureAlgorithmFactory early
+    systemProperty 'junit.jupiter.extensions.autodetection.enabled', 'true'
     useJUnitPlatform {}
     finalizedBy jacocoTestReport // report is always generated after tests run
   }
@@ -536,6 +538,8 @@ subprojects {
       testClassesDirs = sourceSets.integrationTest.output.classesDirs
       classpath = sourceSets.integrationTest.runtimeClasspath
       outputs.upToDateWhen { false }
+      // Enable JUnit 5 extension auto-detection to initialize SignatureAlgorithmFactory early
+      systemProperty 'junit.jupiter.extensions.autodetection.enabled', 'true'
       useJUnitPlatform {}
     }
   }

ethereum/referencetests/build.gradle

@@ -231,6 +231,8 @@ dependencies {
 }
 
 tasks.register('referenceTests', Test) {
+  // Enable JUnit 5 extension auto-detection to initialize SignatureAlgorithmFactory early
+  systemProperty 'junit.jupiter.extensions.autodetection.enabled', 'true'
   useJUnitPlatform()
   doFirst {
     if (!file("src/reference-test/external-resources/README.md").exists()) {

ethereum/referencetests/src/main/java/org/hyperledger/besu/ethereum/referencetests/ReferenceTestProtocolSchedules.java

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 import org.hyperledger.besu.config.GenesisConfigOptions;
 import org.hyperledger.besu.config.StubGenesisConfigOptions;
-import org.hyperledger.besu.crypto.SignatureAlgorithmFactory;
 import org.hyperledger.besu.ethereum.chain.BadBlockManager;
 import org.hyperledger.besu.ethereum.core.BlockHeader;
 import org.hyperledger.besu.ethereum.core.BlockHeaderTestFixture;
@@ -46,10 +45,6 @@
  */
 public class ReferenceTestProtocolSchedules {
 
-  static {
-    SignatureAlgorithmFactory.setDefaultInstance();
-  }
-
   private static final BigInteger CHAIN_ID = BigInteger.ONE;
 
   private static final List<String> SPECS_PRIOR_TO_DELETING_EMPTY_ACCOUNTS =

testutil/build.gradle

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ sonarqube {
 }
 
 dependencies {
+  implementation project(':crypto:algorithms')
   implementation project(':ethereum:eth')
   implementation project(':plugin-api')
   implementation project(':util')

testutil/src/main/java/org/hyperledger/besu/testutil/SignatureAlgorithmInitExtension.java

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright contributors to Besu.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
+ * an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+package org.hyperledger.besu.testutil;
+
+import org.hyperledger.besu.crypto.SignatureAlgorithmFactory;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.BeforeAllCallback;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtensionContext;
+
+/**
+ * JUnit 5 extension that ensures SignatureAlgorithmFactory is initialized early in the test
+ * lifecycle. This improves test performance by avoiding repeated initialization when
+ * ProtocolScheduleBuilder creates schedules for multiple forks.
+ *
+ * <p>This extension is automatically registered via junit-platform.properties when auto-detection
+ * is enabled.
+ */
+public class SignatureAlgorithmInitExtension implements BeforeAllCallback {
+  private static volatile boolean initialized = false;
+
+  /** Instantiates a new Signature algorithm init extension. */
+  public SignatureAlgorithmInitExtension() {}
+
+  @Override
+  public void beforeAll(final ExtensionContext context) {
+    if (!initialized) {
+      synchronized (SignatureAlgorithmInitExtension.class) {
+        if (!initialized) {
+          SignatureAlgorithmFactory.setDefaultInstance();
+          initialized = true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

testutil/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.Extension

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+org.hyperledger.besu.testutil.SignatureAlgorithmInitExtension